La mayoría de los estudios sobre la teoría de afectividad, sin embargo, se han realizado en países occidentales, y sistemáticamente nunca se ha discutido hasta qué punto la investigación llevada a cabo en América Latina apoya las hipótesis centrales. Trasfondo: Se asume que las hipótesis centrales de la teoría de afectividad (universalidad, normatividad, sensibilidad y competencia) son aplicables en todo el mundo.
However, the field of attachment-related research would be enriched by also investing in Latin American studies on caregiving rooted in local concepts and theories. In conclusion, Latin American research supports the key theoretical assumptions of attachment theory, mainly in samples of urban middle-class NRS. Attachment-based intervention studies mostly showed efficacy.
Attachment security and caregivers’ sensitivity were positively associated with child outcomes. Sensitivity levels were generally deemed adequate in NRS, and related to attachment quality. None of the studies reported cases in which an attachment relationship was absent, and a predominance of secure attachment patterns was found, mainly for non-risk samples (NRS).
For that purpose, a search was conducted in four electronic databases (Web of Science, PsycInfo, SciELO, and Redalyc) and 82 publications on attachment and/or sensitivity met inclusion criteria. The purpose of this systematic narrative literature review is to provide an integrative discussion of the current body of empirical studies concerning attachment theory conducted in Latin American countries. However, the majority of studies on attachment theory have been conducted in Western countries, and the extent to which these core hypotheses are supported by research conducted in Latin America has never been systematically addressed. Attachment theory´s core hypotheses (universality, normativity, sensitivity, and competence) are assumed to be applicable worldwide.
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